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Modern Languages & Literatures

Dr. Evelyn Scaramella
Chair of the Department

Manhattan College's Department of Modern Languages and Literatures offers majors and minors in French and Spanish as well as minors in Arabic, Italian, Chinese and Japanese. In addition,  Irish is offered through a cooperative program with Lehman College at the nearby Lehman College campus. Students enrolled in those courses will follow Lehman College's catalog and schedule. Through a consortial arrangement with the College of Mount Saint Vincent, the department also offers Filipino language (Tagalog) and culture.

Language courses are oriented towards the achievement of oral and written proficiency. The goals of the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures are to develop the ability to understand, speak, read, and write effectively in a language other than English; to provide better understanding of other cultures and other modes of expression in order to broaden international understanding; and to prepare students for graduate studies and careers in education, international business, communication, government, social services, and related fields.

The Department places all students in an appropriate language course based on their prior knowledge or study of the language.

In addition, Modern Language majors are encouraged to combine language studies with other disciplines, resulting in minors or double majors.

Requirements for a Major in Spanish and Latin American Studies: Thirty credits beyond SPAN102. No more than 6 credits at the 200 level or 6 AP credits may be applied to the major. SPAN 317 is required of all majors and is a prerequisite for all 400-level courses. Of the remaining electives, 9 credits must be at the 400 level. A major's program should be carefully planned in consultation with a faculty advisor to assure oral and writing competence in Spanish. Study abroad is strongly encouraged.

Requirements for a Major in French and Francophone Studies:  Thirty credits beyond FREN102. No more than 6 credits at the 200 level or 6 AP credits may be applied to the major. Required courses: FREN 350, or FREN 351 and one FREN 400 level. The remaining credits may be chosen from the 300 or 400 levels.  A major's program of study should be carefully planned with an academic advisor to assure oral and writing competence in French. Study abroad is strongly encouraged.

Requirements for a French Concentration in Education: Thirty credits beyond FREN102. No more than 6 credits at the 200 level or 6 AP credits may be applied to the concentration. The following are required: FREN 301 Advanced French Conversation and Phonetics or FREN 307 Advanced Grammar and Composition; 6 credits from FREN 303 French Culture Through Film, FREN 340 French Civilization, FREN 341 Contemporary French Civilization, or FREN 342 Francophone Literature and Culture; and FREN 350 Mastersworks in French Literature I or FREN 351 Masterworks in French & Francophone Literature II.The remaining electives must be at the 300 or 400 levels. In addition, the student must take 12 credits of a second modern language (other than English). Study abroad is strongly encouraged in the sophomore year.

Requirements for a Spanish and Latin American Studies Concentration in Education: Thirty credits beyond SPAN102. No more than 6 credits at the 200 level or 6 AP credits may be applied to the concentration. The following are required: SPAN 307 Advanced Grammar  SPAN 340 Spanish Civilization and SPAN 341 Spanish American CivilizationSPAN 317 Introduction to Hispanic Literature.  Of the remaining electives, 6 credits must be at the 400 level. In addition, the student must take 12 credits of a second modern language (other than English). Study abroad is strongly encouraged in the sophomore year.

Requirements for a Minor in a Modern Language and Literature: The Department offers minors in Arabic, French, Italian, Chinese, Japanese, and Spanish. Minors are required to take 15 credits beyond 102 (the Arabic, Chinese and Japanese minors allow up to 3 credits from the 100 level). Of these, only 6 credits may be applied from the 200 level, and only six credits of 300- and 400-level work may be transferred from a study abroad program. The minor must constitute a coherent program of study designed with an academic advisor and aimed at achieving oral proficiency in the language.

Grade Requirements:A minimum grade of C is required for course credit toward a major or a minor in Modern Languages and Literature.

Study Abroad Programs: Majors are strongly encouraged to study abroad either for a semester or a summer term at an approved program abroad. Students may choose from a variety of options, including Manhattan College-sponsored programs as well as programs sponsored by partner institutions in France, Italy, Spain, or in various other countries.  To be eligible for study abroad, students must have an overall grade point average of 2.75 and an average of 3.0 in their language major or minor.

Arabic/Modern Languages and Literatures Courses

ARAB 101. Arabic for Beginners I. 3 Credits.

Introduction to the Study of Arabic. Introduces students to the sounds and script of Arabic, common phrases and rudimentary grammar. The course also provides an introduction to the culture of Arabic-speaking peoples. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. For students with little or no background in Arabic.

ARAB 102. Arabic for Beginners II. 3 Credits.

Introduction to the Study of Arabic. Introduces students to the sounds and script of Arabic, common phrases and rudimentary grammar. The course also provides an introduction to the culture of Arabic-speaking peoples. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. For students with little or no background in Arabic. Prerequisite: ARAB 101 or Placement by Department Chair.

ARAB 201. Intermediate Arabic I. 3 Credits.

An intermediate course designed as a continuation of ARAB 102 and a basis for further instruction in AFL (Arabic as a foreign language). Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Prerequisite : ARAB 102 or equivalent.

ARAB 202. Intermediate Arabic II. 3 Credits.

An upper-intermediate language and culture course in Arabic designed for students who have fulfilled the requirements for third semester Arabic and/or those who demonstrate an equivalent competence in Modern standard Arabic. This course will be conducted approx. 80% of the time in Arabic. It is designed to improve all of the language skills in Arabic, with special emphasis on the development of reading and listening comprehension, as well as speaking skills. Additional attention will be paid to improving students writing skills. Students will be exposed to cultural, historical and contemporary aspects of the Arabic speaking world through literary, journalistic and textbook reading passages, music, video, advertising, etc. Students will practice summarization, description, narration, restatement, and expressing personal feelings and opinions through a variety of writing and speaking tasks.

ARAB 219. Keeping Arabic Alive. 1 Credit.

A course designed to improve the student's command of Arabic through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student or related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon the request of the student. Course may be repeated up to 3 times. Prerequisite: Permission of MLL Chair.

ARAB 301. Advanced Arabic I. 3 Credits.

This course builds upon the communication skills learned in Intermediate Arabic. Through purposeful listening, speaking, reading, and writing activities, students participate in authentic exchanges of information (e.g. describing the location of people, places and things;inquiring and offering directions;communicating about future and past events; buying items, etc.

ARAB 302. Advanced Arabic II. 3 Credits.

This course is a continuation of ARAB301. The course develops more advanced skills in reading, writing, aural comprehension and oral expression. Topics to be covered: traveling, relationships, ceremonies, services (especially public administration), careers, personal achievements. Additional materials and texts will provide a cultural supplement and introduce students to some short literary texts.

ARAB 321. Arabic Across the Curriculum. 1 Credit.

An advanced course designed to further develop the student's command of Arabic through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon the request of the student. Course may be repeated up to 3 times. Prerequisite: Permission of MLL Chair.

Chinese/Modern Languages and Literatures Courses

CHIN 101. Introduction to Study of Mandarin Chinese I. 3 Credits.

Introduces students to the sounds and characters of Chinese, as well as common phrases and rudimentary grammar. The course also provides an introduction to the culture of China. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. For students with little or no background in Chinese.

CHIN 102. Introduction to the Study of Chinese II. 3 Credits.

Introduces students to the sounds and characters of Chinese, as well as common phrases and rudimentary grammar. The course also provides an introduction to the culture of China. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. For students with little or no background in Chinese. Prerequisite: CHIN 101 or Placement by Department Chair.

CHIN 201. IntermediateMandarinChineseI. 3 Credits.

An intermediate course designed as a continuation of CHIN102 and a basis for further instruction in Mandarin. 3 Instructional hours plus 1 hour of laboratory practice. Pre-req: CHIN102 or permission of chair.

CHIN 202. IntermediateMandarinChinese II. 3 Credits.

An upper intermediate language and culture course designed as a continuation of CHIN201. This course will be conducted approx. 80% of the time in Chinese. It is designed to improve all of the language skills with special emphasis on the development of reading and listening comprehension, as well as speaking skills. 3 instructional hours plus 1 hour of laboratory practice. Pre-req:CHIN201 or permission of chair.

CHIN 219. Keeping Mandarin Chinese Alive. 1 Credit.

A course designed to improve the student's command of Mandarin Chinese through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student or related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon the request of the student. Course may be repeated up to 3 times. Prerequisite: Permission of MLL Chair.

CHIN 301. Advanced Mandarin Chinese I. 3 Credits.

Review and extension of grammar and syntax through the discussion of magazine, newspaper and literacy texts. Advanced grammar and rhetorical methods are taught and article-level compositions are practiced. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Pre-requisite:CHIN202 or placement by Department.

CHIN 302. Advanced Mandarin Chinese II. 3 Credits.

Further development of grammar, syntax, and reading and writing through the discussion of magazine, newspaper and literacy texts as well as audio and video tapes of Chinese movies. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Pre-requisite:CHIN301 or placement by Department.

CHIN 320. Special Topics in Chinese Culture. 3 Credits.

An intensive study of a particular topic in Chinese culture, language, or history. Prerequisite: Permission of Department Chair.

CHIN 321. Mandarin Chinese Across the Curriculum. 1 Credit.

An advanced course designed to further develop the student's command of Mandarin Chinese through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon the request of the student. Course may be repeated up to 3 times. Pre-requisite: Permission of MLL Chair.

CHIN 420. Special Topics in Chinese Literature. 3 Credits.

An intensive study of a single author, genre, movement, or literary topic. Topics change yearly. Prerequisite: Permission of Department Chair.

French/Modern Languages and Literatures Courses

FREN 101. French for Beginners I. 3 Credits.

An introduction to the four basic skills with emphasis on speaking and comprehending spoken French. The course also provides an introduction to the culture of French-speaking peoples. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. For students with little or no background in French or with only one year of high school French.

FREN 102. French for Beginners II. 3 Credits.

An introduction to the four basic skills with emphasis on speaking and comprehending spoken French. The course also provides an introduction to the culture of French-speaking peoples. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. For students with little or no background in French or with only one year of high school French. Prerequisite: FREN 101 or Placement by Department Chair.

FREN 201. French for Communication I. 3 Credits.

An intensive review of French and further development of listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills through extensive use of audio and visual aids. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Prerequisite: FREN 102 or a minimum of two years of high school French.

FREN 202. French for Communication II. 3 Credits.

An intensive review of French and further development of listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills through extensive use of audio and visual aids. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Prerequisite: FREN 102 or a minimum of two years of high school French.

FREN 203. Writing French. 3 Credits.

Intensive practice of writing skills through the use of aural and written materials. Review of grammar. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Prerequisite: Placement by MLL Department.

FREN 204. Speaking French. 3 Credits.

Intensive practice in oral skills through extensive use of aural and written materials. Review of grammar. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Prerequisite: FREN 203 or placement by MLL Department.

FREN 216. Aspects of French Culture. 3 Credits.

An on-site study of different aspects of the political, socio-economic, and cultural life of France together with a survey of its artistic heritage. The course is offered in France during the summer.

FREN 219. Keeping French Alive. 1 Credit.

A course designed to improve the student's command of French through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student or related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon the request of the student. Course may be repeated up to 3 times.

FREN 301. Advanced French Conversation and Phonetics. 3 Credits.

Intensive oral practice with everyday vocabulary together with an analysis of French sounds and a study of rhythm and intonation.

FREN 303. French Culture Through Film. 3 Credits.

French conversation and composition as well as French and Francophone civilization are studied through the viewing of films. Three instructional hours.

FREN 307. Advanced Grammar and Composition. 3 Credits.

An intensive study of the grammatical structures of French aimed at perfecting the student's oral and written command of the language.

FREN 308. French Translation. 3 Credits.

This course aims to introduce students to the practice of translation from French to English and vice versa. The course will focus on contrasting English and French grammatical, syntactical, and stylistic problems as well as vocabulary, thus affording students a deeper understanding of the French language.

FREN 316. Aspects of French and Francophone Culture. 3 Credits.

Through literacy texts, newspaper articles, music, films, and television, FREN 316 examines social and political trends, events, debates, and personalities of contemporary French and Francophone cultures. The objective of the course is to help students continue to improve their linguistic and cultural competence by examining some of the fundamental cultural aspects of French-speaking communities. This course might require going into the city to a museum, a play, or a musical event.

FREN 320. Special Topic: in French and/ or Francophone Culture. 3 Credits.

An in-depth study of a particular topic in French and/or Francophone culture and history, organized around a particular topic or theme.

FREN 321. French Across the Curriculum. 1 Credit.

An advanced course designed to further develop the student's command of French through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon the request of the student. Course may be repeated up to 3 times. Pre-requisite: Permission of MLL Chair.

FREN 340. French Civilization. 3 Credits.

The historical, social, and cultural background of France from the Middle Ages through the 19th century. Lectures, readings, discussions, and reports.

FREN 341. Contemporary French Civilization. 3 Credits.

The historical, social, and cultural reality of France and the Francophone world in the 20th Century. Lectures, readings, discussions, and reports.

FREN 342. Francophone Literature and Culture. 3 Credits.

French 342 introduces students to Francophone literature and cultures with an emphasis on historical events of the colonial era, the anticolonial cultural movements. The course is designed around literary texts, poems, and films from Senegal, the Antilles, the Maghreb, Quebec, Vietnam, and many more Francophone regions. Pre-requisite: FREN 204 or permission of Department Chair.

FREN 350. Mastersworks in French Literature I. 3 Credits.

A survey of the major writers and literary movements of the French-speaking world from the Middle Ages to the eighteenth century together with an introduction to the analysis of literary texts. FREN 350 or FREN 351 is required for all French majors in Arts and Education and recommended for minors. Prerequisite: FREN 204 or permission of Department chair.

FREN 351. Masterworks in French & Francophone Literature II. 3 Credits.

A survey of the major writers and literary movements of the French-speaking world from the nineteenth to the twenty-first century together with an introduction to the analysis of literary texts. Either FREN 350 or FREN 351 is required for all French majors in Arts and Education and recommended for minors. Prerequisite: FREN 204 or permission of Department chair.

FREN 420. Special Topics. 3 Credits.

An intensive study of a single author, genre, movement, or literary topic. Topics change yearly.

FREN 435. The French Short Story. 3 Credits.

A study of representative storytellers of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

FREN 442. Contemporary Francophone Literature and Culture. 3 Credits.

This course examines contemporary Francophone literature and culture and the sociocultural and political changes that countries such as Quebec, Algeria, Haiti, Senegal, and others are experiencing. Themes such as immigration, gender in the Maghreb, Islam in France, and the complex relationship between the ex-colonizer and ex-colonized and the struggles those nations are facing to construct their identity will be explored. Pre-requisite: Any French 300 level course or permission of Department Chair.

FREN 445. Baudelaire and Modern Poetry. 3 Credits.

A study of the poetic expression of Baudelaire, Rimbaud, Verlaine, the Surrealists, and others.

FREN 455. French Theatre of the Twentieth Century. 3 Credits.

Tradition and innovation in contemporary French theatre. Reading and discussion of the most representative plays of Claudel, Giraudoux, Sartre, Camus, Anouilh, and Beckett.

FREN 460. Independent Study. 3 Credits.

In consultation with instructor and approval of Chair.

German/Modern Languages and Literatures Courses

GERM 101. German for Beginners I. 3 Credits.

A course designed to introduce students to the basic skills of understanding, speaking, reading and writing accompanied by an introduction to the culture and civilization of German-speaking countries. Three instructional hours plus one language laboratory hour per week. For students with no background in German or with only one year of high school German.

GERM 102. German for Beginners II. 3 Credits.

A course designed to introduce students to the basic skills of understanding, speaking, reading and writing accompanied by an introduction to the culture and civilization of German-speaking countries. Three instructional hours plus one language laboratory hour per week. For students with no background in German or with only one year of high school German. Prerequisite: GERM101 or Placement by Department Chair.

GERM 201. German for Communication. 3 Credits.

Further development of language proficiency with emphasis on conversation and composition, based on everyday situations and aspects of culture. Various media will be used to stimulate discussions on current topics and literary texts. Three instructional hours plus one language laboratory hour per week. Prerequisite: GERM 101, GERM 102 or a minimum of two years of high school German.

GERM 202. German for Communication II. 3 Credits.

Further development of language proficiency with emphasis on conversation and composition, based on everyday situations and aspects of culture. Various media will be used to stimulate discussions on current topics and literary texts. Three instructional hours plus one language laboratory hour per week. Prerequisite: GERM 101, GERM 102 or a minimum of two years of high school German.

GERM 219. Keeping German Alive. 3 Credits.

A course designed to improve the student's command of German through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student or related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon request of the student.

GERM 360. Independent Study. 3 Credits.

GERM 420. Special Topics: in German. 3 Credits.

GERM 460. Independent Study. 3 Credits.

Irish/Modern Languages and Literatures Courses

IRI 101. Elementary Irish I. 3 Credits.

Study of the pronunciation and elements of Irish grammar, reading of simple texts, and oral practice. Three instructional hours plus one language laboratory hour per week.

IRI 102. Elementary Irish II. 3 Credits.

Study of the pronunciation and elements of Irish grammar, reading of simple texts, and oral practice. Three instructional hours plus one language laboratory hour per week. Prerequisite: IRI 101 or Placement by Department Chair.

Italian/Modern Languages and Literatures Courses

ITAL 101. Italian for Beginners I. 3 Credits.

An introduction to the four basic skills with emphasis on speaking and comprehending spoken Italian. The course also provides an introduction to Italian civilization and culture. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. For students with little or no background in Italian or with only one year of high school Italian.

ITAL 102. Italian for Beginners II. 3 Credits.

An introduction to the four basic skills with emphasis on speaking and comprehending spoken Italian. The course also provides an introduction to Italian civilization and culture. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. For students with little or no background in Italian or with only one year of high school Italian. Prerequisite: ITAL101 or Placement by Department Chair.

ITAL 201. Italian for Communication. 3 Credits.

An intensive review of Italian and further development of listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills through extensive use of audio and visual aids. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Prerequisite: ITAL 101 and ITAL 102 or two years of high school Italian.

ITAL 202. Italian for Communication II. 3 Credits.

An intensive review of Italian and further development of listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills through extensive use of audio and visual aids. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Prerequisite: ITAL 101 and ITAL 102 or two years of high school Italian.

ITAL 203. Writing Italian. 3 Credits.

Intensive practice of writing skills through the use of aural and written materials. Review of grammar. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Prerequisite: ITAL 202 or placement by MLL Department.

ITAL 204. Speaking Italian. 3 Credits.

Intensive practice in oral skills through extensive use of aural and written materials. Review of grammar. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Prerequisites: ITAL 203 or placement by MLL Department.

ITAL 216. Aspects of Italian Culture. 3 Credits.

An on-site study of different aspects of the political, socio-economic, and cultural life of Italy together with a survey of its artistic heritage. The course is offered in Italy during the summer.

ITAL 219. Keeping Italian Alive. 1 Credit.

A course designed to improve the student's command of Italian through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student or related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon the request of the student. Course may be repeated up to 3 times.

ITAL 303. Italian Through Film. 3 Credits.

Italian language, history, and civilization are studied through the viewing and study of great films. Three instructional hours. The course is conducted in English and is open to all students. Prerequisite for Italian minors: ITAL 203 or ITAL 204 For credit, Italian minors must do all written work in Italian.

ITAL 304. Cinema of Italian Diaspora. 3 Credits.

This course will introduce students to the cinematic interpretation of Italian immigration in the United States and other parts of the world. The course material is divided in 3 parts to reflect the experience of Italian immigrants: the journey, the arrival, and the return. In so doing, this course will present a panorama of the movie industry’s interpretation of these 3 stages and facilitate an understanding of the microhistory, personal experience, and the stereotypes surrounding the image of the Italian immigrant. Students will be asked to participate in an analysis of parts of movies that we will watch in class as well as parts that will be assigned as homework. During the course, students will practice Italian language as well as review of grammar rules and sentence structure to advance written and oral skills in Italian.

ITAL 307. Advanced Grammar and Composition. 3 Credits.

An intensive study of the grammatical structures of Italian aimed at perfecting the student's oral and written command of the language.

ITAL 316. Aspects of Italian Culture. 3 Credits.

An on-site study of different aspects of the political, socio-economic, and cultural life of Italy together with a survey of its artistic heritage.

ITAL 318. Sociology of Diasporic Arts: African Descendants in a Modern Florence. 3 Credits.

This course proposes an interdisciplinary approach towards understanding the meaning of “diasporic art,” by comparing examples of artistic expressions by both European Italians as well as those of African descent, in Florence. When does art express migration and diverse experiences of culture and identity? When does an individual feel the urge to address displacement or to challenge ideas and social structures by means of art? When can we call a “hybrid” a work of art? What can art reveal about the history of immigration? Art as an expression of the contemporary world helps us to interpret the society in which we live. For this reason, this course will take advantage of our location in Florence and its key role in the development of modern visual arts. Visits to the museums of modern art in Florence, such as Palazzo Pitti- Gallery of Modern Art , Centro Pecci Prato, Museo Enrico Caruso, Franco Zeffirelli Cinema Museum, and Museo Novecento will be mandatory to attend. Student will have to post a critical response comment on this course’s forum for every museum visited.

ITAL 321. Italian Across the Curriculum. 1 Credit.

An advanced course designed to further develop the student's command of Italian through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon the request of the student. Course may be repeated up to 3 times. Pre-requisite: Permission of MLL Chair.

ITAL 323. Special Topics in Italian. 3 Credits.

An intensive study of a particular topic in Italian culture, literature or history. Permission of Department Chair.

ITAL 340. Medieval and Renaissance Italian Civilization. 3 Credits.

A study of the art, music, philosophy, and literature of Medieval Italy and its development into the Renaissance of Western Culture. Lectures, readings, and discussions in Italian.

ITAL 341. Contemporary Italian Civilization. 3 Credits.

The major issues affecting modern Italy are explored through art, music, film, philosophy, and literature, as well as through readings on its political, economic, and social reality. Lectures, readings, and discussions in Italian.

ITAL 350. Masterworks in Italian. 3 Credits.

A survey of the great writers and literary movements of Italian literature together with an introduction to the analysis of literary texts.

ITAL 420. Special Topics: in Italian. 3 Credits.

An intensive study of a single author, genre, movement, or literary theme.

ITAL 427. Dante. 3 Credits.

In this course students will read, analyze, and discuss excerpts from Dante’s Vita Nova and the Divina Commedia alongside modern reinterpretations of Dante’s work in the arts, literature, cinema, and comics. Prerequisite: Permission of Department Chair.

ITAL 460. Independent Study. 3 Credits.

In consultation with instructor and approval of Chair.

Japanese/Modern Languages and Literatures Courses

JAPN 101. Elementary Japanese I. 3 Credits.

A course designed to introduce students to the sounds and script of Japanese, common phrases, and rudimentary grammar. The course also provides an introduction to the culture of Japan. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice in 101, and five instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice in 102. For students with little or no background in Japanese.

JAPN 102. Introduction to Japanese II. 3 Credits.

A course designed to introduce students to the sounds and script of Japanese, common phrases, and rudimentary grammar. The course also provides an introduction to the culture of Japan. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice in 101, and five instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice in 102. For students with little or no background in Japanese. Prerequisite: JAPN 101 or Placement by Department Chair.

JAPN 201. Intermediate Japanese I. 3 Credits.

Emphasis on vocabulary, grammar, syntax, conversation, and writing in Kanji and Kana. Three instructional hours and one hour of laboratory practice. Offered at Lehman College. Prerequisite: JAPN 101 and 102.

JAPN 202. Intermediate Japanese II. 3 Credits.

Emphasis on vocabulary, grammar, syntax, conversation, and writing in Kanji and Kana. Three instructional hours and one hour of laboratory practice. Offered at Lehman College. Prerequisite: JAPN 101 and JAPN 102.

JAPN 219. Keeping Japanese Alive. 1 Credit.

A course designed to improve the student's command of Japanese through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student or related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon the request of the student. Course may be repeated up to 3 times. Prerequisite: Permission of MLL Chair.

JAPN 301. Advanced Japanese I. 3 Credits.

Review and extension of grammar and syntax through the discussion of magazine, newspaper and literary texts. Continued study of the appropriate use of Kanji and Kana. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Offered at Lehman College. Prerequisite: JAPN 201 and JAPN 202.

JAPN 302. Advanced Japanese II. 3 Credits.

Review and extension of grammar and syntax through the discussion of magazine, newspaper and literary texts. Continued study of the appropriate use of Kanji and Kana. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Offered at Lehman College.

JAPN 310. Comparative Grammar. 3 Credits.

JAPN 321. Japanese Across the Curriculum. 1 Credit.

An advanced course designed to further develop the student's command of Japanese through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon the request of the student. Course may be repeated up to 3 times. Prerequisite: Permission of MLL Chair.

JAPN 357. Special Topics: in Japanese. 3 Credits.

JAPN 381. Tutorial. 3 Credits.

Modern Languages and Literatures Courses

MLL 095. Independent Study. 3 Credits.

MLL 096. Independent Study. 3 Credits.

MLL 150. Modern Language and Literature:(FYS). 3 Credits.

First Year Seminar in Modern Language and Literature.

MLL 375. Internship. 3 Credits.

Available in all languages taught by the Department of Modern Languages and Literatures. Students participate in a training experience related to their chosen language. Frequent meetings with the internship advisor and a paper are required. Internships are arranged through the Center for Career Development and must be approved in advance by the chair and the Dean of the School of Arts. General elective credit only.

Spanish/Modern Languages and Literatures Courses

SPAN 101. Spanish for Beginners I. 3 Credits.

An introduction to the four basic skills with emphasis on speaking and comprehending spoken Spanish. The course also provides an introduction to the culture of Spanish-speaking peoples. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. For students with little or no background in Spanish or with only one year of high school Spanish.

SPAN 102. Spanish for Beginners II. 3 Credits.

An introduction to the four basic skills with emphasis on speaking and comprehending spoken Spanish. The course also provides an introduction to the culture of Spanish-speaking peoples. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. For students with little or no background in Spanish or with only one year of high school Spanish. Prerequisite: SPAN 101 or Placement by Department Chair. Not intended for Spanish language heritage students.

SPAN 105. Spanish Language Lab. 0 Credits.

SPAN 201. Spanish for Communication I. 3 Credits.

An intensive review of Spanish and further development of listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills through extensive use of audio and visual aids. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Prerequisite: SPAN 101 and SPAN 102 or a minimum of two years of high school Spanish. Not intended for Spanish language heritage students.

SPAN 202. Spanish for Communication II. 3 Credits.

An intensive review of Spanish and further development of listening, speaking, reading, and writing skills through extensive use of audio and visual aids. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Prerequisite: SPAN 101 and SPAN 102  or SPAN 201 or a minimum of two years of high school Spanish. Not intended for Spanish language heritage students.

SPAN 203. Writing Spanish. 3 Credits.

Intensive practice of writing skills through the use of aural and written materials. Review of grammar. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Offered every semester. Prerequisite: Placement by Dept.

SPAN 204. Speaking Spanish. 3 Credits.

Intensive practice in oral skills through extensive use of aural and written materials. Review of grammar. Three instructional hours plus one hour of laboratory practice. Offered every semester. Prerequisite: SPAN 203 or placement by MLL Department. Not intended for Spanish native or heritage speakers.

SPAN 207. Intermediate Grammar (Madrid). 3 Credits.

An introduction to the basic grammatical and syntactical structures of Spanish. Offered only in the Manhattan College Madrid Program.

SPAN 216. Aspects of Hispanic Culture. 3 Credits.

An on-site study of various aspects of the political, socio-economic and cultural life of a Hispanic country or region. The course is offered in Manhattan College's Madrid Program and occasionally during the winter interim and/or the summer session.

SPAN 219. Keeping Spanish Alive. 1 Credit.

A course designed to improve the student's command of Spanish through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student or related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon the request of the student. Course may be repeated up to 3 times.

SPAN 221. Elementary Spanish for Heritage Students. 3 Credits.

An intensive beginning course with emphasis on basic elements of grammar, vocabulary, reading, and conversation for students who learned Spanish in the home environment and understand basic conversation but need to improve their oral and written communication skills. The course also provides an introduction to the culture and civilization of Spanish-speaking peoples.

SPAN 222. Intermediate Spanish for Heritage Students I. 3 Credits.

A course designed for students who have learned Spanish in the home environment but need formal training to improve their communication skills. The course also provides an introduction to the culture and civilization of Spanish-speaking peoples. For Latinos/as and native speakers only.

SPAN 223. Intermediate Spanish for Heritage Students II. 3 Credits.

A course designed for students who have learned Spanish in the home environment but need formal training to improve their communication skills. The course also provides an introduction to the culture and civilization of Spanish-speaking peoples. For Latinos/as and native speakers only.

SPAN 300. Hispanic Musical Heritage. 3 Credits.

Song lyrics of the rich and diverse musical traditions of Spanish-speaking peoples will serve as a basis for studying the Spanish language as well as aspects of Hispanic culture. Pre-requisites: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 303. Spanish Culture Through Film. 3 Credits.

Spanish conversation and composition as well as Hispanic civilization are studied through the viewing of films from Spain and Spanish America. Three instructional hours. Pre-requisite: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 307. Advanced Grammar. 3 Credits.

An intensive study of the grammatical structures of Spanish aimed at perfecting the student's oral and written command of the language. Pre-requisite: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 308. Spanish Translation. 3 Credits.

This course aims to introduce students to the practice of translation from Spanish to English and vice versa. The course will focus on contrasting English and Spanish grammatical, syntactical, and stylistic problems as well as vocabulary, thus affording students a deeper understanding of the Spanish language. Pre-requisites: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 309. Advanced Conversation. 3 Credits.

Techniques of conversation and intensive oral practice of Spanish. Pre-requisites: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 310. Advanced Composition. 3 Credits.

Practice of the conventions of written Spanish through the study of journalistic articles, essays, and literary works. Prerequisites: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 316. Aspects of Hispanic Culture. 3 Credits.

A study of various aspects of the political, socio-economic and cultural life of a Hispanic country or region. Prerequisites: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 317. Introduction to Hispanic Literature. 3 Credits.

Study of literary genres and principles of literary analysis through readings of representative Spanish and Spanish-American authors. This course provides the necessary training to do advanced work in literature. Prerequisite: Permission of Department Chair.

SPAN 318. Spanish for Health Personnel. 3 Credits.

A course designed to develop conversational skills using vocabulary and structures relevant to communication between health personnel and their clients. Pre-requisites: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 319. Spanish for Business. 3 Credits.

An introduction to the modern terminology used in the business world. The course includes a review of major grammatical structures as well as a discussion of cultural factors that may affect commercial transactions. Prerequisites: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 320. Special Topics: in Hispanic Culture Studies. 3 Credits.

An intensive study of a particular region of the Spanish-speaking world or of a cultural topic common to all Hispanic countries. Topics change yearly. Prerequisites: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 321. Spanish Across the Curriculum. 1 Credit.

An advanced course designed to further develop the student's command of Spanish through readings and discussions on a particular subject of interest to the student related to a course the student is currently taking. Offered upon the request of the student. Course may be repeated up to 3 times. Pre-requisite: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 340. Spanish Civilization. 3 Credits.

The major issues that have affected Spain are explored through film, art, and the reading of historical and literary texts. The course has a strong emphasis on discussion. Required for Spanish majors in Education. Pre-requisites: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 341. Spanish American Civilization. 3 Credits.

The major issues that have affected Spanish America are explored through film, art, and the reading of historical and literary texts. The course has a strong emphasis on discussion. Required for Spanish majors in Education. Prerequisites: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 342. Caribbean Culture. 3 Credits.

The Spanish Caribbean's history and culture from 1492 to the present will be explored through art, film, music, and the reading and analysis of literary as well as journalistic and historical texts. Strong emphasis on reading, writing and discussion. Prerequisites: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 350. Masterworks in Spanish I. 3 Credits.

A survey of the great writers and literary movements of the Spanish-speaking world together with an introduction to the analysis of literary texts. Required for all Spanish majors in Arts and Education and highly recommended for minors. Prerequisites:Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 351. Masterworks in Spanish. 3 Credits.

A survey of the great writers and literary movements of the Spanish-speaking world together with an introduction to the analysis of literary texts. Required for all Spanish majors in Arts and Education and highly recommended for minors. Prerequisites: Permission of MLL Chair.

SPAN 420. Spanish Seminar. 3 Credits.

An intensive study of a single author, genre, movement, or literary topic. Topics change yearly. Prerequisite: SPAN 350 or SPAN 351, or permission of Chair.

SPAN 423. Great Hispanic Poets. 3 Credits.

An introduction to the analysis of poetry through the study of the great poets of the Spanish language such as Garcilaso, St. John of the Cross, Gongora, Sor Juana Ines de la Cruz, Becquer, Marti, Dario, Jimenez, Machado, Mistral, Lorca, Vallejo, and Neruda. Prerequisite: SPAN 350 or SPAN 351, or permission of Chair.

SPAN 424. The Modern Novel in Spain and Spanish America. 3 Credits.

A survey of the development of modern fiction from the great nineteenth-century Spanish Realists (Galdós and Clarín) to the Latin American “Boom” (Asturias, García Márquez, Carpentier, Fuentes, Vargas Llosa, et al.).

SPAN 427. Cervantes. 3 Credits.

An in-depth analysis and discussion of Don Quijote and other works by Cervantes. Prerequisite: SPAN 350 or SPAN 351, or permission of Chair.

SPAN 429. The Spanish Golden Age. 3 Credits.

A survey of the history, art, and literature of Spain during the 16th and 17th centuries.

SPAN 435. Spanish-American Short Fiction. 3 Credits.

A study of the development of the short narrative forms in Spanish America in relationship to the social, political, and historical reality. Readings from the works of Quiroga, Borges, Garcia Marquez, Cortazar, Fuentes, Vargas Llosa, Rulfo and Donoso. Prerequisite: SPAN 350 or SPAN 351, or permission of Chair.

SPAN 440. Women in Hispanic Literature. 3 Credits.

Modalities of portrayal of female protagonists by male and female writers from the 19th century to the present with emphasis on the reinterpretation of the role of women within the new social-political reality of the Hispanic world.

SPAN 460. Independent Study. 3 Credits.

In consultation with instructor and approval of Chair.